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The design and operating strategies to apply in these cases are essentially of two types: active solutions and passive solutions
Active solutions
The solutions applied are aimed at preventing the movement of rock masses in break-off areas through works of surface and underground consolidation and through the use of restraining superstructures.
These solutions act directly at the causes of the problem and at preventing its effects at the root..
Passive solutions
The solutions adopted are aimed at neutralizing the effects of rock masses after they break off the slopes, through the installation of superstructures at places below the break-off point.
Thus the passive solutions act prevalently to stop the falling masses and limit their negative effects.
This underscores the need to apply the design and operating solutions through an analysis of the problems in a specific, professional and competent manner, and most of all with an eye to avoiding further alterations of the environment, while harmonizing the works carried out as much as possible with the terrain and guaranteeing at the same time maximum safety for the structures, highways, railways, etc., that are to be protected.
This complex and varied field requires specific skills, advanced specialization, technologically avant-garde equipment and highly specialized technical and operating personnel.
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